Python Numbers

In this guide, we will see how to work with numbers in Python. Python supports integers, floats and complex numbers.

An integer is a number without decimal point for example 5, 6, 10 etc.

A float is a number with decimal point for example 6.7, 6.0, 10.99 etc.

A complex number has a real and imaginary part for example 7+8j, 8+11j etc.

Example: Numbers in Python

# Python program to display numbers of
# different data types

# int
num1 = 10
num2 = 100
print(num1+num2)

# float
a = 10.5
b = 8.9
print(a-b)

# complex numbers
x = 3 + 4j
y = 9 + 8j
print(y-x)

Output

110
1.5999999999999996
(6+4j)

Python example to find the class(data type) of a number

We can use the type() function to find out the class of a number. An integer number belongs to int class, a float number belongs to float class and a complex number belongs to complex class.

# program to find the class of a number

# int
num = 100
print("type of num: ",type(num))

# float
num2 = 10.99
print("type of num2: ",type(num2))

# complex numbers
num3 = 3 + 4j
print("type of num3: ",type(num3))

Output:

The isinstance() function

The isinstance() functions checks whether a number belongs to a particular class and returns true or false based on the result.

For example:
isinstance(num, int) will return true if the number num is an integer number.
isinstance(num, int) will return false if the number num is not an integer number.

Example of isinstance() function

 
num = 100
# true because num is an integer
print(isinstance(num, int))

# false because num is not a float
print(isinstance(num, float))

# false because num is not a complex number
print(isinstance(num, complex))

Output

True
False
False