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CSS Properties

align-content align-items align-self all animation animation-delay animation-direction animation-duration animation-fill-mode animation-iteration-count animation-name animation-play-state animation-timing-function backface-visibility background background-attachment background-blend-mode background-clip background-color background-image background-origin background-position background-repeat background-size border border-bottom border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-collapse border-color border-image border-image-outset border-image-repeat border-image-slice border-image-source border-image-width border-left border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-radius border-right border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-spacing border-style border-top border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius border-top-style border-top-width border-width bottom box-shadow box-sizing caption-side clear clip color column-count column-fill column-gap column-rule column-rule-color column-rule-style column-rule-width column-span column-width columns content counter-increment counter-reset cursor direction display empty-cells filter flex flex-basis flex-direction flex-flow flex-grow flex-shrink flex-wrap float font @font-face font-family font-size font-size-adjust font-stretch font-style font-variant font-weight hanging-punctuation height justify-content @keyframes left letter-spacing line-height list-style list-style-image list-style-position list-style-type margin margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top max-height max-width @media min-height min-width nav-down nav-index nav-left nav-right nav-up opacity order outline outline-color outline-offset outline-style outline-width overflow overflow-x overflow-y padding padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top page-break-after page-break-before page-break-inside perspective perspective-origin position quotes resize right tab-size table-layout text-align text-align-last text-decoration text-decoration-color text-decoration-line text-decoration-style text-indent text-justify text-overflow text-shadow text-transform top transform transform-origin transform-style transition transition-delay transition-duration transition-property transition-timing-function unicode-bidi vertical-align visibility white-space width word-break word-spacing word-wrap z-index



 

CSS3 @media Rule


Example

Change the background-color if the viewport is 480 pixels wide or wider:

@media screen and (min-width: 480px) {
    body {
        background-color: lightgreen;
    }
}
Try it yourself »

More "Try it Yourself" examples below.


Definition and Usage

The @media rule is used to define different style rules for different media types/devices.

In CSS2 this was called media types, while in CSS3 it is called media queries.

Media queries look at the capability of the device, and can be used to check many things, such as:

  • width and height of the viewport
  • width and height of the device
  • orientation (is the tablet/phone in landscape or portrait mode?)
  • resolution
  • and much more

Browser Support

The numbers in the table specifies the first browser version that fully supports the @media rule.

Property
@media 21 12 9 3.5 4.0 9

CSS Syntax

@media not|only mediatype and (media feature) {
    CSS-Code;
}

You can also have different stylesheets for different media:

<link rel="stylesheet" media="mediatype and|not|only (media feature)" href="mystylesheet.css">

Media Types

Value Description
all Used for all media type devices
aural Deprecated. Used for speech and sound synthesizers
braille Deprecated. Used for braille tactile feedback devices
embossed Deprecated. Used for paged braille printers
handheld Deprecated. Used for small or handheld devices
print Used for printers
projection Deprecated. Used for projected presentations, like slides
screen Used for computer screens, tablets, smart-phones etc.
speech Used for screenreaders that "reads" the page out loud
tty Deprecated. Used for media using a fixed-pitch character grid, like teletypes and terminals
tv Deprecated. Used for television-type devices

Media Features

Value Description
aspect-ratio The ratio between the width and the height of the viewport
color The number of bits per color component for the output device
color-index The number of colors the device can display
device-aspect-ratio The ratio between the width and the height of the device
device-height The height of the device, such as a computer screen
device-width The width of the device, such as a computer screen
grid Whether the device is a grid or bitmap
height The viewport height
max-aspect-ratio The maximum ratio between the width and the height of the display area
max-color The maximum number of bits per color component for the output device
max-color-index The maximum number of colors the device can display
max-device-aspect-ratio The maximum ratio between the width and the height of the device
max-device-height The maximum height of the device, such as a computer screen
max-device-width The maximum width of the device, such as a computer screen
max-height The maximum height of the display area, such as a browser window
max-monochrome The maximum number of bits per "color" on a monochrome (greyscale) device
max-resolution The maximum resolution of the device, using dpi or dpcm
max-width The maximum width of the display area, such as a browser window
min-aspect-ratio The minimum ratio between the width and the height of the display area
min-color The minimum number of bits per color component for the output device
min-color-index The minimum number of colors the device can display
min-device-aspect-ratio The minimum ratio between the width and the height of the device
min-device-width The minimum width of the device, such as a computer screen
min-device-height The minimum height of the device, such as a computer screen
min-height The minimum height of the display area, such as a browser window
min-monochrome The minimum number of bits per "color" on a monochrome (greyscale) device
min-resolution The minimum resolution of the device, using dpi or dpcm
min-width The minimum width of the display area, such as a browser window
monochrome The number of bits per "color" on a monochrome (greyscale) device
orientation The orientation of the viewport (landscape or portrait mode)
overflow-block How does the output device handle content that overflows the viewport along the block axis (added in Media Queries Level 4)
overflow-inline Can content that overflows the viewport along the inline axis be scrolled (added in Media Queries Level 4)
resolution The resolution of the output device, using dpi or dpcm
scan The scanning process of the output device
update-frequency How quickly can the output device modify the appearance of the content (added in Media Queries Level 4)
width The viewport width

Examples

More Examples

Example

Use the @media rule to make responsive design:

@media only screen and (max-width: 500px) {
    .gridmenu {
        width:100%;
    }

    .gridmain {
        width:100%;
    }

    .gridright {
        width:100%;
    }
}
Try it yourself »

Related Pages

CSS tutorial: CSS Media Types